diff --git a/src/components/filesystem.c b/src/components/filesystem.c
index 7e32a55..2327ea7 100644
--- a/src/components/filesystem.c
+++ b/src/components/filesystem.c
@@ -1,11 +1,88 @@
 #include "../neonucleus.h"
 
-void nn_fs_destroy(void *_, nn_component *component, nn_filesystem *fs) {
-    if(!nn_decRef(&fs->refc)) return;
+typedef struct nn_filesystem {
+    nn_refc refc;
+    nn_guard *lock;
+    nn_Context ctx;
+    nn_filesystemTable table;
+    nn_filesystemControl control;
+    nn_size_t spaceUsedCache;
 
-    if(fs->deinit != NULL) {
-        fs->deinit(component, fs->userdata);
+    // last due to cache concerns (this struck is massive)
+    void *files[NN_MAX_OPEN_FILES];
+} nn_filesystem;
+
+void nn_fs_destroy(void *_, nn_component *component, nn_filesystem *fs) {
+    nn_destroyFilesystem(fs);
+}
+
+nn_filesystem *nn_newFilesystem(nn_Context *context, nn_filesystemTable table, nn_filesystemControl control) {
+    nn_filesystem *fs = nn_alloc(&context->allocator, sizeof(nn_filesystem));
+    if(fs == NULL) return NULL;
+    fs->refc = 1;
+    fs->ctx = *context;
+    fs->table = table;
+    fs->control = control;
+    fs->spaceUsedCache = 0;
+    fs->lock = nn_newGuard(context);
+    if(fs->lock == NULL) {
+        nn_dealloc(&context->allocator, fs, sizeof(nn_filesystem));
+        return NULL;
     }
+    
+    for(nn_size_t i = 0; i < NN_MAX_OPEN_FILES; i++) {
+        fs->files[i] = NULL;
+    }
+    return fs;
+}
+
+nn_guard *nn_getFilesystemLock(nn_filesystem *fs) {
+    return fs->lock;
+}
+
+void nn_retainFilesystem(nn_filesystem *fs) {
+    nn_incRef(&fs->refc);
+}
+
+nn_bool_t nn_destroyFilesystem(nn_filesystem *fs) {
+    if(!nn_decRef(&fs->refc)) return false;
+
+    if(fs->table.deinit != NULL) {
+        fs->table.deinit(fs->table.userdata);
+    }
+
+    nn_Context ctx = fs->ctx;
+    nn_deleteGuard(&ctx, fs->lock);
+    nn_dealloc(&ctx.allocator, fs, sizeof(nn_filesystem));
+    return true;
+}
+
+nn_size_t nn_fs_getSpaceUsed(nn_filesystem *fs) {
+    if(fs->spaceUsedCache != 0) return fs->spaceUsedCache;
+    nn_size_t spaceUsed = fs->table.spaceUsed(fs->table.userdata);
+    fs->spaceUsedCache = spaceUsed;
+    return spaceUsed;
+}
+
+void nn_fs_invalidateSpaceUsed(nn_filesystem *fs) {
+    fs->spaceUsedCache = 0;
+}
+
+nn_size_t nn_fs_getSpaceRemaining(nn_filesystem *fs) {
+    nn_size_t used = nn_fs_getSpaceUsed(fs);
+    nn_size_t total = fs->table.spaceTotal;
+    return total - used;
+}
+
+void *nn_fs_unwrapFD(nn_filesystem *fs, nn_size_t fd) {
+    if(fd >= NN_MAX_OPEN_FILES) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    void *file = fs->files[fd];
+    if(file == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    return file;
 }
 
 nn_bool_t nn_fs_illegalPath(const char *path) {
@@ -18,12 +95,8 @@ nn_bool_t nn_fs_illegalPath(const char *path) {
     return false;
 }
 
-nn_filesystemControl nn_fs_getControl(nn_component *component, nn_filesystem *fs) {
-    return fs->control(component, fs->userdata);
-}
-
 void nn_fs_readCost(nn_filesystem *fs, nn_size_t bytes, nn_component *component) {
-    nn_filesystemControl control = nn_fs_getControl(component, fs);
+    nn_filesystemControl control = fs->control;
     nn_computer *computer = nn_getComputerOfComponent(component);
 
     nn_simulateBufferedIndirect(component, bytes, control.readBytesPerTick);
@@ -32,7 +105,7 @@ void nn_fs_readCost(nn_filesystem *fs, nn_size_t bytes, nn_component *component)
 }
 
 void nn_fs_writeCost(nn_filesystem *fs, nn_size_t bytes, nn_component *component) {
-    nn_filesystemControl control = nn_fs_getControl(component, fs);
+    nn_filesystemControl control = fs->control;
     nn_computer *computer = nn_getComputerOfComponent(component);
 
     nn_simulateBufferedIndirect(component, bytes, control.writeBytesPerTick);
@@ -41,7 +114,7 @@ void nn_fs_writeCost(nn_filesystem *fs, nn_size_t bytes, nn_component *component
 }
 
 void nn_fs_removeCost(nn_filesystem *fs, nn_size_t count, nn_component *component) {
-    nn_filesystemControl control = nn_fs_getControl(component, fs);
+    nn_filesystemControl control = fs->control;
     nn_computer *computer = nn_getComputerOfComponent(component);
 
     nn_simulateBufferedIndirect(component, count, control.removeFilesPerTick);
@@ -50,7 +123,7 @@ void nn_fs_removeCost(nn_filesystem *fs, nn_size_t count, nn_component *componen
 }
 
 void nn_fs_createCost(nn_filesystem *fs, nn_size_t count, nn_component *component) {
-    nn_filesystemControl control = nn_fs_getControl(component, fs);
+    nn_filesystemControl control = fs->control;
     nn_computer *computer = nn_getComputerOfComponent(component);
 
     nn_simulateBufferedIndirect(component, count, control.createFilesPerTick);
@@ -61,7 +134,7 @@ void nn_fs_createCost(nn_filesystem *fs, nn_size_t count, nn_component *componen
 void nn_fs_getLabel(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
     char buf[NN_LABEL_SIZE];
     nn_size_t l = NN_LABEL_SIZE;
-    fs->getLabel(component, fs->userdata, buf, &l);
+    fs->table.getLabel(fs->table.userdata, buf, &l);
     if(l == 0) {
         nn_return(computer, nn_values_nil());
     } else {
@@ -79,24 +152,23 @@ void nn_fs_setLabel(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_comp
         nn_setCError(computer, "bad label (string expected)");
         return;
     }
-    l = fs->setLabel(component, fs->userdata, buf, l);
+    l = fs->table.setLabel(fs->table.userdata, buf, l);
     nn_return_string(computer, buf, l);
 
     nn_fs_writeCost(fs, l, component);
 }
 
 void nn_fs_spaceUsed(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
-    nn_size_t space = fs->spaceUsed(component, fs->userdata);
+    nn_size_t space = nn_fs_getSpaceUsed(fs);
     nn_return(computer, nn_values_integer(space));
 }
 
 void nn_fs_spaceTotal(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
-    nn_size_t space = fs->spaceUsed(component, fs->userdata);
-    nn_return(computer, nn_values_integer(space));
+    nn_return(computer, nn_values_integer(fs->table.spaceTotal));
 }
 
 void nn_fs_isReadOnly(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
-    nn_return(computer, nn_values_boolean(fs->isReadOnly(component, fs->userdata)));
+    nn_return_boolean(computer, fs->table.isReadOnly(fs->table.userdata));
 }
 
 void nn_fs_size(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
@@ -111,7 +183,7 @@ void nn_fs_size(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer
         return;
     }
 
-    nn_size_t byteSize = fs->size(component, fs->userdata, path);
+    nn_size_t byteSize = fs->table.size(fs->table.userdata, path);
 
     nn_return(computer, nn_values_integer(byteSize));
 }
@@ -128,9 +200,10 @@ void nn_fs_remove(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_comput
         return;
     }
 
-    nn_return(computer, nn_values_boolean(fs->remove(component, fs->userdata, path)));
+    nn_size_t removed = fs->table.remove(fs->table.userdata, path);
+    nn_return_boolean(computer, removed > 0);
 
-    nn_fs_removeCost(fs, 1, component);
+    nn_fs_removeCost(fs, removed, component);
 }
 
 void nn_fs_lastModified(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
@@ -145,7 +218,7 @@ void nn_fs_lastModified(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_
         return;
     }
 
-    nn_size_t t = fs->lastModified(component, fs->userdata, path);
+    nn_size_t t = fs->table.lastModified(fs->table.userdata, path);
 
     // OpenOS does BULLSHIT with this thing, dividing it by 1000 and expecting it to be
     // fucking usable as a date, meaning it needs to be an int.
@@ -178,7 +251,7 @@ void nn_fs_rename(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_comput
         return;
     }
 
-    nn_size_t movedCount = fs->rename(component, fs->userdata, from, to);
+    nn_size_t movedCount = fs->table.rename(fs->table.userdata, from, to);
     nn_return(computer, nn_values_boolean(movedCount > 0));
    
     nn_fs_removeCost(fs, movedCount, component);
@@ -197,7 +270,7 @@ void nn_fs_exists(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_comput
         return;
     }
 
-    nn_return(computer, nn_values_boolean(fs->exists(component, fs->userdata, path)));
+    nn_return_boolean(computer, fs->table.exists(fs->table.userdata, path));
 }
 
 void nn_fs_isDirectory(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
@@ -212,7 +285,7 @@ void nn_fs_isDirectory(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_c
         return;
     }
 
-    nn_return(computer, nn_values_boolean(fs->isDirectory(component, fs->userdata, path)));
+    nn_return_boolean(computer, fs->table.isDirectory(fs->table.userdata, path));
 }
 
 void nn_fs_makeDirectory(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
@@ -227,7 +300,7 @@ void nn_fs_makeDirectory(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn
         return;
     }
 
-    nn_return(computer, nn_values_boolean(fs->makeDirectory(component, fs->userdata, path)));
+    nn_return_boolean(computer, fs->table.makeDirectory(fs->table.userdata, path));
 
     nn_fs_createCost(fs, 1, component);
 }
@@ -247,7 +320,7 @@ void nn_fs_list(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer
     nn_Alloc *alloc = nn_getAllocator(nn_getUniverse(computer));
 
     nn_size_t fileCount = 0;
-    char **files = fs->list(alloc, component, fs->userdata, path, &fileCount);
+    char **files = fs->table.list(alloc, fs->table.userdata, path, &fileCount);
 
     if(files != NULL) {
         // operation succeeded
@@ -280,19 +353,40 @@ void nn_fs_open(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer
     }
 
     // technically wrongfully 
-    if(!fs->exists(component, fs->userdata, path)) {
+    if(!fs->table.exists(fs->table.userdata, path)) {
         nn_fs_createCost(fs, 1, component);
     }
 
-    nn_size_t fd = fs->open(component, fs->userdata, path, mode);
+    nn_size_t fd = 0;
+    while(fs->files[fd] != NULL) {
+        fd++;
+        if(fd == NN_MAX_OPEN_FILES) {
+            nn_setCError(computer, "too many open files");
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+    void *file = fs->table.open(fs->table.userdata, path, mode);
+    if(file == NULL) {
+        nn_setCError(computer, "no such file or directory");
+        return;
+    }
+    fs->files[fd] = file;
     nn_return(computer, nn_values_integer(fd));
 }
 
 void nn_fs_close(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
     nn_value fdValue = nn_getArgument(computer, 0);
     nn_size_t fd = nn_toInt(fdValue);
+    void *file = nn_fs_unwrapFD(fs, fd);
+    if(file == NULL) {
+        nn_setCError(computer, "bad file descriptor");
+        return;
+    }
 
-    nn_bool_t closed = fs->close(component, fs->userdata, fd);
+    nn_bool_t closed = fs->table.close(fs->table.userdata, file);
+    if(closed) {
+        fs->files[fd] = NULL;
+    }
     nn_return(computer, nn_values_boolean(closed));
 }
 
@@ -300,8 +394,6 @@ void nn_fs_write(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_compute
     nn_value fdValue = nn_getArgument(computer, 0);
     nn_size_t fd = nn_toInt(fdValue);
 
-    // size_t spaceRemaining = fs->spaceTotal(component, fs->userdata) - fs->spaceUsed(component, fs->userdata);
-
     nn_value bufferValue = nn_getArgument(computer, 1);
     nn_size_t len = 0;
     const char *buf = nn_toString(bufferValue, &len);
@@ -309,12 +401,25 @@ void nn_fs_write(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_compute
         nn_setCError(computer, "bad buffer (string expected)");
         return;
     }
+    
+    size_t spaceRemaining = nn_fs_getSpaceRemaining(fs);
 
-    nn_bool_t closed = fs->write(component, fs->userdata, fd, buf, len);
-    nn_return(computer, nn_values_boolean(closed));
+    // overwriting would still work but OC does the same thing so...
+    if(spaceRemaining < len) {
+        nn_setCError(computer, "out of space");
+        return;
+    }
+    void *file = nn_fs_unwrapFD(fs, fd);
+    if(file == NULL) {
+        nn_setCError(computer, "bad file descriptor");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    nn_bool_t written = fs->table.write(fs->table.userdata, file, buf, len);
+    nn_return(computer, nn_values_boolean(written));
+    if(written) nn_fs_invalidateSpaceUsed(fs);
 
     nn_fs_writeCost(fs, len, component);
-    nn_return_boolean(computer, true);
 }
 
 void nn_fs_read(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
@@ -323,9 +428,16 @@ void nn_fs_read(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer
 
     nn_value lenValue = nn_getArgument(computer, 1);
     double len = nn_toNumber(lenValue);
-    nn_size_t capacity = fs->spaceTotal(component, fs->userdata);
+    // TODO: be smarter
+    nn_size_t capacity = fs->table.spaceTotal;
     if(len > capacity) len = capacity;
     nn_size_t byteLen = len;
+    
+    void *file = nn_fs_unwrapFD(fs, fd);
+    if(file == NULL) {
+        nn_setCError(computer, "bad file descriptor");
+        return;
+    }
 
     nn_Alloc *alloc = nn_getAllocator(nn_getUniverse(computer));
     char *buf = nn_alloc(alloc, byteLen);
@@ -334,7 +446,7 @@ void nn_fs_read(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer
         return;
     }
 
-    nn_size_t readLen = fs->read(component, fs->userdata, fd, buf, byteLen);
+    nn_size_t readLen = fs->table.read(fs->table.userdata, file, buf, byteLen);
     if(readLen > 0) {
         // Nothing read means EoF.
         nn_return_string(computer, buf, readLen);
@@ -368,11 +480,13 @@ void nn_fs_seek(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer
         return;
     }
 
-    // size_t capacity = fs->spaceTotal(component, fs->userdata);
-    int moved = 0;
+    void *file = nn_fs_unwrapFD(fs, fd);
+    if(file == NULL) {
+        nn_setCError(computer, "bad file descriptor");
+        return;
+    }
 
-    nn_size_t pos = fs->seek(component, fs->userdata, fd, whence, off, &moved);
-    if(moved < 0) moved = -moved;
+    nn_size_t pos = fs->table.seek(fs->table.userdata, file, whence, off);
 
     nn_return_integer(computer, pos);
 }
diff --git a/src/emulator.c b/src/emulator.c
index b8ff673..656cf61 100644
--- a/src/emulator.c
+++ b/src/emulator.c
@@ -155,31 +155,22 @@ nn_bool_t ne_eeprom_isReadonly(void *userdata) {
 
 void ne_eeprom_makeReadonly(void *userdata) {}
 
-#define NE_FS_MAX 128
+nn_filesystemControl ne_fs_ctrl = {
+    .readBytesPerTick = 65536,
+    .writeBytesPerTick = 32768,
+    .removeFilesPerTick = 16,
+    .createFilesPerTick = 16,
+    
+    .readHeatPerByte = 0.0000015,
+    .writeHeatPerByte = 0.000015,
+    .removeHeat = 0.035,
+    .createHeat = 0.045,
 
-typedef struct ne_fs {
-    FILE *files[NE_FS_MAX];
-    size_t fileLen;
-} ne_fs;
-
-nn_filesystemControl ne_fs_getControl(nn_component *component, ne_fs *_) {
-    return (nn_filesystemControl) {
-        .readBytesPerTick = 65536,
-        .writeBytesPerTick = 32768,
-        .removeFilesPerTick = 16,
-        .createFilesPerTick = 16,
-        
-        .readHeatPerByte = 0.0000015,
-        .writeHeatPerByte = 0.000015,
-        .removeHeat = 0.035,
-        .createHeat = 0.045,
-
-        .readEnergyPerByte = 0.0015,
-        .writeEnergyPerByte = 0.0035,
-        .removeEnergy = 0.135,
-        .createEnergy = 0.325,
-    };
-}
+    .readEnergyPerByte = 0.0015,
+    .writeEnergyPerByte = 0.0035,
+    .removeEnergy = 0.135,
+    .createEnergy = 0.325,
+};
 
 void ne_fs_getLabel(nn_component *component, void *_, char *buf, size_t *buflen) {
     *buflen = 0;
@@ -189,21 +180,13 @@ nn_size_t ne_fs_setLabel(nn_component *component, void *_, const char *buf, size
     return 0;
 }
 
-nn_bool_t ne_fs_isReadonly(nn_component *component, void *userdata) {
-    return false;
-}
-
-size_t ne_fs_spaceUsed(nn_component *component, void *_) {
+size_t ne_fs_spaceUsed(void *_) {
     return 0; // ultra accurate
 }
 
-size_t ne_fs_spaceTotal(nn_component *component, void *_) {
-    return 1*1024*1024;
-}
-
-const char *ne_fs_diskPath(nn_component *component, const char *path) {
+const char *ne_fs_diskPath(nn_address addr, const char *path) {
     static char buf[256];
-    const char *root = ne_location(nn_getComponentAddress(component));
+    const char *root = ne_location(addr);
     if(path[0] == '/') {
         snprintf(buf, 256, "%s%s", root, path);
     } else {
@@ -213,12 +196,7 @@ const char *ne_fs_diskPath(nn_component *component, const char *path) {
     return buf;
 }
 
-size_t ne_fs_open(nn_component *component, ne_fs *fs, const char *path, const char *mode) {
-    if(fs->fileLen == NE_FS_MAX) {
-        nn_setCError(nn_getComputerOfComponent(component), "too many files");
-        return 0;
-    }
-
+void *ne_fs_open(nn_address address, const char *path, const char *mode) {
     const char *trueMode = "rb";
     if(strcmp(mode, "w") == 0) {
         trueMode = "wb";
@@ -227,48 +205,27 @@ size_t ne_fs_open(nn_component *component, ne_fs *fs, const char *path, const ch
         trueMode = "ab";
     }
 
-    const char *p = ne_fs_diskPath(component, path);
+    const char *p = ne_fs_diskPath(address, path);
     if(p[0] == '/') p++;
     FILE *f = fopen(p, trueMode);
-
-    if(f == NULL) {
-        nn_setCError(nn_getComputerOfComponent(component), strerror(errno));
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-    for(size_t i = 0; i < fs->fileLen; i++) {
-        if(fs->files[i] == NULL) {
-            fs->files[i] = f;
-            return i;
-        }
-    }
-
-    size_t i = fs->fileLen++;
-    fs->files[i] = f;
-    return i;
+    return f;
 }
 
-bool ne_fs_close(nn_component *component, ne_fs *fs, int fd) {
-    // we pray
-    fclose(fs->files[fd]);
-    fs->files[fd] = NULL;
+bool ne_fs_close(nn_address addr, FILE *f) {
+    fclose(f);
     return true;
 }
 
-bool ne_fs_write(nn_component *component, ne_fs *fs, int fd, const char *buf, size_t len) {
-    FILE *f = fs->files[fd];
+bool ne_fs_write(nn_address addr, FILE *f, const char *buf, size_t len) {
     return fwrite(buf, sizeof(char), len, f) > 0;
 }
 
-size_t ne_fs_read(nn_component *component, ne_fs *fs, int fd, char *buf, size_t required) {
-    FILE *f = fs->files[fd];
+size_t ne_fs_read(nn_address addr, FILE *f, char *buf, size_t required) {
     if(feof(f)) return 0;
     return fread(buf, sizeof(char), required, f);
 }
 
-size_t ne_fs_seek(nn_component *component, ne_fs *fs, int fd, const char *whence, int off, int *moved) {
-    FILE *f = fs->files[fd];
-    *moved = 0;
+size_t ne_fs_seek(nn_address addr, FILE *f, const char *whence, int off) {
     int w = SEEK_SET;
     if(strcmp(whence, "cur") == 0) {
         w = SEEK_CUR;
@@ -280,8 +237,8 @@ size_t ne_fs_seek(nn_component *component, ne_fs *fs, int fd, const char *whence
     return ftell(f);
 }
 
-char **ne_fs_list(nn_Alloc *alloc, nn_component *component, ne_fs *fs, const char *path, size_t *len) {
-    const char *p = ne_fs_diskPath(component, path);
+char **ne_fs_list(nn_Alloc *alloc, nn_address addr, const char *path, size_t *len) {
+    const char *p = ne_fs_diskPath(addr, path);
     if(p[0] == '/') p++;
 
     FilePathList files = LoadDirectoryFiles(p);
@@ -297,8 +254,8 @@ char **ne_fs_list(nn_Alloc *alloc, nn_component *component, ne_fs *fs, const cha
     return buf;
 }
 
-size_t ne_fs_size(nn_component *component, ne_fs *fs, const char *path) {
-    const char *p = ne_fs_diskPath(component, path);
+size_t ne_fs_size(nn_address addr, const char *path) {
+    const char *p = ne_fs_diskPath(addr, path);
     if(p[0] == '/') p++;
 
     if(DirectoryExists(p)) return 0;
@@ -306,29 +263,29 @@ size_t ne_fs_size(nn_component *component, ne_fs *fs, const char *path) {
     return GetFileLength(p);
 }
 
-size_t ne_fs_lastModified(nn_component *component, ne_fs *fs, const char *path) {
-    const char *p = ne_fs_diskPath(component, path);
+size_t ne_fs_lastModified(nn_address addr, const char *path) {
+    const char *p = ne_fs_diskPath(addr, path);
     if(p[0] == '/') p++;
 
     return GetFileModTime(p);
 }
 
-bool ne_fs_isDirectory(nn_component *component, ne_fs *fs, const char *path) {
-    const char *p = ne_fs_diskPath(component, path);
+bool ne_fs_isDirectory(nn_address addr, const char *path) {
+    const char *p = ne_fs_diskPath(addr, path);
     if(p[0] == '/') p++;
 
     return DirectoryExists(p);
 }
 
-bool ne_fs_makeDirectory(nn_component *component, ne_fs *fs, const char *path) {
-    const char *p = ne_fs_diskPath(component, path);
+bool ne_fs_makeDirectory(nn_address addr, const char *path) {
+    const char *p = ne_fs_diskPath(addr, path);
     if(p[0] == '/') p++;
 
     return MakeDirectory(p) == 0;
 }
 
-bool ne_fs_exists(nn_component *component, ne_fs *fs, const char *path) {
-    const char *p = ne_fs_diskPath(component, path);
+bool ne_fs_exists(nn_address addr, const char *path) {
+    const char *p = ne_fs_diskPath(addr, path);
     if(p[0] == '/') p++;
 
     return FileExists(p) || DirectoryExists(p);
@@ -701,21 +658,15 @@ int main() {
 
     nn_addEeprom(computer, "luaBios.lua", 0, genericEEPROM);
 
-    ne_fs fs = {
-        .files = {NULL},
-        .fileLen = 0,
-    };
-
-    nn_filesystem genericFS = {
-        .refc = 0,
-        .userdata = &fs,
+    nn_address fsFolder = "OpenOS";
+    nn_filesystemTable genericFSTable = {
+        .userdata = fsFolder,
         .deinit = NULL,
-        .control = (void *)ne_fs_getControl,
-        .getLabel = ne_fs_getLabel,
-        .setLabel = ne_fs_setLabel,
+        .getLabel = ne_eeprom_getLabel,
+        .setLabel = ne_eeprom_setLabel,
         .spaceUsed = ne_fs_spaceUsed,
-        .spaceTotal = ne_fs_spaceTotal,
-        .isReadOnly = ne_fs_isReadonly,
+        .spaceTotal = 1*1024*1024,
+        .isReadOnly = ne_eeprom_isReadonly,
         .size = (void *)ne_fs_size,
         .remove = NULL,
         .lastModified = (void *)ne_fs_lastModified,
@@ -730,7 +681,8 @@ int main() {
         .read = (void *)ne_fs_read,
         .seek = (void *)ne_fs_seek,
     };
-    nn_addFileSystem(computer, "OpenOS", 1, &genericFS);
+    nn_filesystem *genericFS = nn_newFilesystem(&ctx, genericFSTable, ne_fs_ctrl);
+    nn_addFileSystem(computer, fsFolder, 1, genericFS);
 
     ne_drive drive = {
         .file = fopen("data/drive.img", "r+")
diff --git a/src/neonucleus.h b/src/neonucleus.h
index c1ad4c9..da38081 100644
--- a/src/neonucleus.h
+++ b/src/neonucleus.h
@@ -625,47 +625,51 @@ typedef struct nn_filesystemControl {
     double createEnergy;
 } nn_filesystemControl;
 
-typedef struct nn_filesystem {
-    nn_refc refc;
+typedef struct nn_filesystemTable {
     void *userdata;
-    void (*deinit)(nn_component *component, void *userdata);
+    void (*deinit)(void *userdata);
 
-    nn_filesystemControl (*control)(nn_component *component, void *userdata);
-    void (*getLabel)(nn_component *component, void *userdata, char *buf, nn_size_t *buflen);
-    nn_size_t (*setLabel)(nn_component *component, void *userdata, const char *buf, nn_size_t buflen);
+    nn_filesystemControl (*control)(void *userdata);
+    void (*getLabel)(void *userdata, char *buf, nn_size_t *buflen);
+    nn_size_t (*setLabel)(void *userdata, const char *buf, nn_size_t buflen);
 
-    nn_size_t (*spaceUsed)(nn_component *component, void *userdata);
-    nn_size_t (*spaceTotal)(nn_component *component, void *userdata);
-    nn_bool_t (*isReadOnly)(nn_component *component, void *userdata);
+    nn_size_t (*spaceUsed)(void *userdata);
+    nn_size_t spaceTotal;
+    nn_bool_t (*isReadOnly)(void *userdata);
 
     // general operations
-    nn_size_t (*size)(nn_component *component, void *userdata, const char *path);
-    nn_bool_t (*remove)(nn_component *component, void *userdata, const char *path);
-    nn_size_t (*lastModified)(nn_component *component, void *userdata, const char *path);
-    nn_size_t (*rename)(nn_component *component, void *userdata, const char *from, const char *to);
-    nn_bool_t (*exists)(nn_component *component, void *userdata, const char *path);
+    nn_size_t (*size)(void *userdata, const char *path);
+    nn_size_t (*remove)(void *userdata, const char *path);
+    nn_size_t (*lastModified)(void *userdata, const char *path);
+    nn_size_t (*rename)(void *userdata, const char *from, const char *to);
+    nn_bool_t (*exists)(void *userdata, const char *path);
 
     // directory operations
-    nn_bool_t (*isDirectory)(nn_component *component, void *userdata, const char *path);
-    nn_bool_t (*makeDirectory)(nn_component *component, void *userdata, const char *path);
+    nn_bool_t (*isDirectory)(void *userdata, const char *path);
+    nn_bool_t (*makeDirectory)(void *userdata, const char *path);
     // The returned array should be allocated with the supplied allocator.
     // The strings should be null terminated. Use nn_strdup for the allocation to guarantee nn_deallocStr deallocates it correctly.
     // For the array, the *exact* size of the allocation should be sizeof(char *) * (*len),
     // If it is not, the behavior is undefined.
     // We recommend first computing len then allocating, though if that is not doable or practical,
     // consider nn_resize()ing it to the correct size to guarantee a correct deallocation.
-    char **(*list)(nn_Alloc *alloc, nn_component *component, void *userdata, const char *path, nn_size_t *len);
+    char **(*list)(nn_Alloc *alloc, void *userdata, const char *path, nn_size_t *len);
 
     // file operations
-    nn_size_t (*open)(nn_component *component, void *userdata, const char *path, const char *mode);
-    nn_bool_t (*close)(nn_component *component, void *userdata, int fd);
-    nn_bool_t (*write)(nn_component *component, void *userdata, int fd, const char *buf, nn_size_t len);
-    nn_size_t (*read)(nn_component *component, void *userdata, int fd, char *buf, nn_size_t required);
-    // moved is an out pointer that says how many bytes the pointer moved.
-    nn_size_t (*seek)(nn_component *component, void *userdata, int fd, const char *whence, int off, int *moved);
-} nn_filesystem;
+    void *(*open)(void *userdata, const char *path, const char *mode);
+    nn_bool_t (*close)(void *userdata, void *fd);
+    nn_bool_t (*write)(void *userdata, void *fd, const char *buf, nn_size_t len);
+    nn_size_t (*read)(void *userdata, void *fd, char *buf, nn_size_t required);
+    nn_size_t (*seek)(void *userdata, void *fd, const char *whence, int off);
+} nn_filesystemTable;
+
+typedef struct nn_filesystem nn_filesystem;
+
+nn_filesystem *nn_newFilesystem(nn_Context *context, nn_filesystemTable table, nn_filesystemControl control);
+nn_guard *nn_getFilesystemLock(nn_filesystem *fs);
+void nn_retainFilesystem(nn_filesystem *fs);
+nn_bool_t nn_destroyFilesystem(nn_filesystem *fs);
 
-nn_filesystem *nn_volatileFileSystem(nn_size_t capacity, nn_filesystemControl *control);
 nn_component *nn_addFileSystem(nn_computer *computer, nn_address address, int slot, nn_filesystem *filesystem);
 
 // Drive