diff --git a/TODO.md b/TODO.md
index 12747dd..53f2b8e 100644
--- a/TODO.md
+++ b/TODO.md
@@ -1,9 +1,5 @@
 # Parity with Vanilla OC (only the stuff that makes sense for an emulator)
 
-- rework literally all the costs to just be heat and amount per tick
-- change more methods to be direct but with buffered indirects
-- complete the GPU implementation (screen buffers and missing methods)
-- complete the screen implementation (bunch of missing methods)
 - in-memory version of `filesystem` and `drive`
 - `hologram` component
 - `computer` component
@@ -15,14 +11,14 @@
 - `disk_drive` component
 - `computer.getDeviceInfo()`, and subsequently, component device information
 - `computer.beep(frequency?: number, duration?: number, volume?: number)`, frequency between 20 and 2000 Hz, duration up to 5 seconds, volume from 0 to 1.
-Should use the *busy* machine state to let the sandbox suspend it until it is done playing
-- ensure the recursive locks are used correctly to prevent race conditions
-- use dynamic arrays for signals (and maybe components)
+- complete the GPU implementation (screen buffers and missing methods)
+- complete the screen implementation (bunch of missing methods)
 - support invalid UTF-8 for GPU set and fill, which should pretend the byte value is the codepoint.
 
 # Bugfixes
 
 - Rework filesystem component to pre-process paths to ensure proper sandboxing and not allow arbitrary remote file access
+- Ensure the recursive locks are used correctly to prevent race conditions
 - Do a huge audit at some point
 
 # The extra components
@@ -39,9 +35,6 @@ Should use the *busy* machine state to let the sandbox suspend it until it is do
 - `tape_drive` component, compatible with Computronics, except maybe with proper seek times and support for multiple tapes
 - `cd_reader` and `cd_writer` components, to work with CDs
 
-# Internal stuff
+# Internal changes
 
-- custom atomic, lock and improved custom clock support. Perhaps generalizing it to an nn_Context
-- no longer depend on libc functions
-- no longer depend on libc headers
-- no longer link any libc when NN_BAREMETAL
+- use dynamic arrays for signals (and maybe components), but still keep the maximums to prevent memory hogging
diff --git a/src/components/drive.c b/src/components/drive.c
index 46bc6e6..ab648fd 100644
--- a/src/components/drive.c
+++ b/src/components/drive.c
@@ -1,28 +1,99 @@
 #include "../neonucleus.h"
 
-void nn_drive_destroy(void *_, nn_component *component, nn_drive *drive) {
-    if(!nn_decRef(&drive->refc)) return;
+typedef struct nni_drive {
+    nn_drive *funcs;
+    nn_size_t currentSector;
+} nni_drive;
 
-    if(drive->deinit != NULL) {
-        drive->deinit(component, drive->userdata);
+void nn_drive_destroy(void *_, nn_component *component, nni_drive *drive) {
+    if(!nn_decRef(&drive->funcs->refc)) return;
+
+    if(drive->funcs->deinit != NULL) {
+        drive->funcs->deinit(component, drive->funcs->userdata);
     }
+
+    nn_Alloc *alloc = nn_getAllocator(nn_getUniverse(nn_getComputerOfComponent(component)));
+
+    nn_dealloc(alloc, drive, sizeof(nni_drive));
 }
 
-nn_driveControl nn_drive_getControl(nn_component *component, nn_drive *drive) {
-    return drive->control(component, drive->userdata);
+nn_driveControl nn_drive_getControl(nn_component *component, nni_drive *drive) {
+    return drive->funcs->control(component, drive->funcs->userdata);
 }
 
-void nn_drive_getLabel(nn_drive *drive, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
+void nni_drive_readCost(nn_component *component, nni_drive *drive) {
+    nn_driveControl ctrl = nn_drive_getControl(component, drive);
+    nn_computer *computer = nn_getComputerOfComponent(component);
+
+    nn_simulateBufferedIndirect(component, 1, ctrl.readSectorsPerTick);
+    nn_addHeat(computer, ctrl.readHeatPerSector);
+    nn_removeEnergy(computer, ctrl.readEnergyPerSector);
+}
+
+void nni_drive_writeCost(nn_component *component, nni_drive *drive) {
+    nn_driveControl ctrl = nn_drive_getControl(component, drive);
+    nn_computer *computer = nn_getComputerOfComponent(component);
+
+    nn_simulateBufferedIndirect(component, 1, ctrl.writeSectorsPerTick);
+    nn_addHeat(computer, ctrl.writeHeatPerSector);
+    nn_removeEnergy(computer, ctrl.writeEnergyPerSector);
+}
+
+void nni_drive_seekTo(nn_component *component, nni_drive *drive, nn_size_t sector) {
+    sector = sector - 1; // switch to 0 to N-1 sector addressing,
+                         // which is much nicer to do math with
+                         // and Lua made a big oopsie.
+    size_t old = drive->currentSector;
+    nn_driveControl ctrl = nn_drive_getControl(component, drive);
+    if(ctrl.seekSectorsPerTick == 0) return; // seek latency disabled
+    nn_computer *computer = nn_getComputerOfComponent(component);
+
+    // Compute important constants
+    nn_size_t sectorSize = drive->funcs->getSectorSize(component, drive->funcs->userdata);
+    nn_size_t platterCount = drive->funcs->getPlatterCount(component, drive->funcs->userdata);
+    nn_size_t capacity = drive->funcs->getCapacity(component, drive->funcs->userdata);
+
+    nn_size_t sectorsPerPlatter = (capacity / sectorSize) / platterCount;
+
+    sector %= sectorsPerPlatter;
+    
+    if(old == sector) return;
+    drive->currentSector = sector;
+
+    nn_size_t moved = 0;
+    if(sector > old) {
+        moved = sector - old; // moved forwards
+    } else if(sector < old) {
+        // moved back, depends on some options
+        if(ctrl.reversable) {
+            // horribly fucking unrealistic, as HDDs
+            // spin at ~7200 RPM, and if it decides
+            // to spontaneously instantly reverse direction,
+            // the force would crack the disk
+            // However, real life is a myth.
+            moved = old - sector;
+        } else {
+            // full turn
+            moved = sectorsPerPlatter - old;
+        }
+    }
+    
+    nn_simulateBufferedIndirect(component, moved, ctrl.seekSectorsPerTick);
+    nn_addHeat(computer, ctrl.motorHeatPerSector * moved);
+    nn_removeEnergy(computer, ctrl.motorEnergyPerSector * moved);
+}
+
+void nn_drive_getLabel(nni_drive *drive, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
     char buf[NN_LABEL_SIZE];
     nn_size_t l = NN_LABEL_SIZE;
-    drive->getLabel(component, drive->userdata, buf, &l);
+    drive->funcs->getLabel(component, drive->funcs->userdata, buf, &l);
     if(l == 0) {
         nn_return(computer, nn_values_nil());
     } else {
         nn_return_string(computer, buf, l);
     }
 }
-void nn_drive_setLabel(nn_drive *drive, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
+void nn_drive_setLabel(nni_drive *drive, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
     nn_size_t l = 0;
     nn_value label = nn_getArgument(computer, 0);
     const char *buf = nn_toString(label, &l);
@@ -30,38 +101,38 @@ void nn_drive_setLabel(nn_drive *drive, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_com
         nn_setCError(computer, "bad label (string expected)");
         return;
     }
-    l = drive->setLabel(component, drive->userdata, buf, l);
+    l = drive->funcs->setLabel(component, drive->funcs->userdata, buf, l);
     nn_return_string(computer, buf, l);
 }
-void nn_drive_getSectorSize(nn_drive *drive, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
-    nn_size_t sector_size = drive->getSectorSize(component, drive->userdata);
+void nn_drive_getSectorSize(nni_drive *drive, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
+    nn_size_t sector_size = drive->funcs->getSectorSize(component, drive->funcs->userdata);
     nn_return(computer, nn_values_integer(sector_size));
 }
-void nn_drive_getPlatterCount(nn_drive *drive, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
-    nn_size_t platter_count = drive->getPlatterCount(component, drive->userdata);
+void nn_drive_getPlatterCount(nni_drive *drive, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
+    nn_size_t platter_count = drive->funcs->getPlatterCount(component, drive->funcs->userdata);
     nn_return(computer, nn_values_integer(platter_count));
 }
-void nn_drive_getCapacity(nn_drive *drive, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
-    nn_size_t capacity = drive->getCapacity(component, drive->userdata);
+void nn_drive_getCapacity(nni_drive *drive, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
+    nn_size_t capacity = drive->funcs->getCapacity(component, drive->funcs->userdata);
     nn_return(computer, nn_values_integer(capacity));
 }
-void nn_drive_readSector(nn_drive *drive, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
+void nn_drive_readSector(nni_drive *drive, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
     nn_value sectorValue = nn_getArgument(computer, 0);
     int sector = nn_toInt(sectorValue);
-    nn_size_t sector_size = drive->getSectorSize(component, drive->userdata);
+    nn_size_t sector_size = drive->funcs->getSectorSize(component, drive->funcs->userdata);
     // we leave the +1 intentionally to compare the end of the real sector
-    if (sector < 1 || (sector * sector_size > drive->getCapacity(component, drive->userdata))) {
+    if (sector < 1 || (sector * sector_size > drive->funcs->getCapacity(component, drive->funcs->userdata))) {
         nn_setCError(computer, "bad argument #1 (sector out of range)");
         return;
     }
     char buf[sector_size];
-    drive->readSector(component, drive->userdata, sector, buf);
+    drive->funcs->readSector(component, drive->funcs->userdata, sector, buf);
     nn_return_string(computer, buf, sector_size);
 }
-void nn_drive_writeSector(nn_drive *drive, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
+void nn_drive_writeSector(nni_drive *drive, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
     nn_value sectorValue = nn_getArgument(computer, 0);
     int sector = nn_toInt(sectorValue);
-    nn_size_t sector_size = drive->getSectorSize(component, drive->userdata);
+    nn_size_t sector_size = drive->funcs->getSectorSize(component, drive->funcs->userdata);
     nn_value bufValue = nn_getArgument(computer, 1);
 
     nn_size_t buf_size = 0;
@@ -71,34 +142,34 @@ void nn_drive_writeSector(nn_drive *drive, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_
         return;
     }
     // we leave the +1 intentionally to compare the end of the real sector
-    if (sector < 1 || (sector * sector_size > drive->getCapacity(component, drive->userdata))) {
+    if (sector < 1 || (sector * sector_size > drive->funcs->getCapacity(component, drive->funcs->userdata))) {
         nn_setCError(computer, "bad argument #1 (sector out of range)");
         return;
     }
-    drive->writeSector(component, drive->userdata, sector, buf);
+    drive->funcs->writeSector(component, drive->funcs->userdata, sector, buf);
 }
-void nn_drive_readByte(nn_drive *drive, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
+void nn_drive_readByte(nni_drive *drive, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
     nn_value offsetValue = nn_getArgument(computer, 0);
     nn_size_t disk_offset = nn_toInt(offsetValue) - 1;
-    nn_size_t sector_size = drive->getSectorSize(component, drive->userdata);
+    nn_size_t sector_size = drive->funcs->getSectorSize(component, drive->funcs->userdata);
     int sector = (disk_offset / sector_size) + 1;
     nn_size_t sector_offset = disk_offset % sector_size;
 
-    if (disk_offset >= drive->getCapacity(component, drive->userdata)) {
+    if (disk_offset >= drive->funcs->getCapacity(component, drive->funcs->userdata)) {
         nn_setCError(computer, "bad argument #1 (index out of range)");
         return;
     }
     char buf[sector_size];
-    drive->readSector(component, drive->userdata, sector, buf);
+    drive->funcs->readSector(component, drive->funcs->userdata, sector, buf);
 
     nn_return(computer, nn_values_integer(buf[sector_offset]));
 }
-void nn_drive_writeByte(nn_drive *drive, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
+void nn_drive_writeByte(nni_drive *drive, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
     nn_value offsetValue = nn_getArgument(computer, 0);
     nn_value writeValue = nn_getArgument(computer, 1);
     nn_size_t disk_offset = nn_toInt(offsetValue) - 1;
     nn_intptr_t write = nn_toInt(writeValue);
-    nn_size_t sector_size = drive->getSectorSize(component, drive->userdata);
+    nn_size_t sector_size = drive->funcs->getSectorSize(component, drive->funcs->userdata);
     int sector = (disk_offset / sector_size) + 1;
     nn_size_t sector_offset = disk_offset % sector_size;
 
@@ -106,16 +177,16 @@ void nn_drive_writeByte(nn_drive *drive, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_co
         nn_setCError(computer, "bad argument #2 (byte out of range)");
         return;
     }
-    if (disk_offset >= drive->getCapacity(component, drive->userdata)) {
+    if (disk_offset >= drive->funcs->getCapacity(component, drive->funcs->userdata)) {
         nn_setCError(computer, "bad argument #1 (index out of range)");
         return;
     }
     char buf[sector_size];
-    drive->readSector(component, drive->userdata, sector, buf);
+    drive->funcs->readSector(component, drive->funcs->userdata, sector, buf);
 
     buf[sector_offset] = write;
 
-    drive->writeSector(component, drive->userdata, sector, buf);
+    drive->funcs->writeSector(component, drive->funcs->userdata, sector, buf);
 }
 
 void nn_loadDriveTable(nn_universe *universe) {
@@ -125,7 +196,7 @@ void nn_loadDriveTable(nn_universe *universe) {
     nn_defineMethod(driveTable, "getLabel", false, (void *)nn_drive_getLabel, NULL, "getLabel():string - Get the current label of the drive.");
     nn_defineMethod(driveTable, "setLabel", false, (void *)nn_drive_setLabel, NULL, "setLabel(value:string):string - Sets the label of the drive. Returns the new value, which may be truncated.");
     nn_defineMethod(driveTable, "getSectorSize", true, (void *)nn_drive_getSectorSize, NULL, "getSectorSize():number - Returns the size of a single sector on the drive, in bytes.");
-    nn_defineMethod(driveTable, "getPlatterCounter", true, (void *)nn_drive_getPlatterCount, NULL, "getPlatterCount():number - Returns the number of platters in the drive.");
+    nn_defineMethod(driveTable, "getPlatterCount", true, (void *)nn_drive_getPlatterCount, NULL, "getPlatterCount():number - Returns the number of platters in the drive.");
     nn_defineMethod(driveTable, "getCapacity", true, (void *)nn_drive_getCapacity, NULL, "getCapacity():number - Returns the total capacity of the drive, in bytes.");
     nn_defineMethod(driveTable, "readSector", false, (void *)nn_drive_readSector, NULL, "readSector(sector:number):string - Read the current contents of the specified sector.");
     nn_defineMethod(driveTable, "writeSector", false, (void *)nn_drive_writeSector, NULL, "writeSector(sector:number, value:string) - Write the specified contents to the specified sector.");
@@ -134,7 +205,15 @@ void nn_loadDriveTable(nn_universe *universe) {
 }
 
 nn_component *nn_addDrive(nn_computer *computer, nn_address address, int slot, nn_drive *drive) {
+    nn_Alloc *alloc = nn_getAllocator(nn_getUniverse(computer));
+    nni_drive *d = nn_alloc(alloc, sizeof(nni_drive));
+    d->currentSector = 0;
+    d->funcs = drive;
     nn_componentTable *driveTable = nn_queryUserdata(nn_getUniverse(computer), "NN:DRIVE");
-    return nn_newComponent(computer, address, slot, driveTable, drive);
+    nn_component *c = nn_newComponent(computer, address, slot, driveTable, drive);
+    if(c == NULL) {
+        nn_dealloc(alloc, d, sizeof(nni_drive));
+    }
+    return c;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/components/filesystem.c b/src/components/filesystem.c
index fcb3f64..7e32a55 100644
--- a/src/components/filesystem.c
+++ b/src/components/filesystem.c
@@ -22,36 +22,40 @@ nn_filesystemControl nn_fs_getControl(nn_component *component, nn_filesystem *fs
     return fs->control(component, fs->userdata);
 }
 
-nn_size_t nn_fs_countChunks(nn_filesystem *fs, nn_size_t bytes, nn_component *component) {
+void nn_fs_readCost(nn_filesystem *fs, nn_size_t bytes, nn_component *component) {
     nn_filesystemControl control = nn_fs_getControl(component, fs);
+    nn_computer *computer = nn_getComputerOfComponent(component);
 
-    nn_size_t chunks = bytes / control.pretendChunkSize;
-    if(bytes % control.pretendChunkSize != 0) chunks++;
-    return chunks;
+    nn_simulateBufferedIndirect(component, bytes, control.readBytesPerTick);
+    nn_removeEnergy(computer, control.readEnergyPerByte * bytes);
+    nn_addHeat(computer, control.readHeatPerByte * bytes);
 }
 
-void nn_fs_readCost(nn_filesystem *fs, nn_size_t count, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
+void nn_fs_writeCost(nn_filesystem *fs, nn_size_t bytes, nn_component *component) {
     nn_filesystemControl control = nn_fs_getControl(component, fs);
-    nn_removeEnergy(computer, control.readEnergyCost * count);
-    nn_callCost(computer, control.readCostPerChunk * count);
+    nn_computer *computer = nn_getComputerOfComponent(component);
+
+    nn_simulateBufferedIndirect(component, bytes, control.writeBytesPerTick);
+    nn_removeEnergy(computer, control.writeEnergyPerByte * bytes);
+    nn_addHeat(computer, control.writeHeatPerByte * bytes);
 }
 
-void nn_fs_writeCost(nn_filesystem *fs, nn_size_t count, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
+void nn_fs_removeCost(nn_filesystem *fs, nn_size_t count, nn_component *component) {
     nn_filesystemControl control = nn_fs_getControl(component, fs);
-    nn_removeEnergy(computer, control.writeEnergyCost * count);
-    nn_addHeat(computer, control.writeHeatPerChunk * count);
-    nn_callCost(computer, control.writeCostPerChunk * count);
+    nn_computer *computer = nn_getComputerOfComponent(component);
+
+    nn_simulateBufferedIndirect(component, count, control.removeFilesPerTick);
+    nn_removeEnergy(computer, control.removeEnergy * count);
+    nn_addHeat(computer, control.removeHeat * count);
 }
 
-void nn_fs_seekCost(nn_filesystem *fs, nn_size_t count, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
+void nn_fs_createCost(nn_filesystem *fs, nn_size_t count, nn_component *component) {
     nn_filesystemControl control = nn_fs_getControl(component, fs);
-    if(control.pretendRPM == 0) return; // disabled, likely SSD
-    double rps = (double)control.pretendRPM / 60;
-    double seekLatency = 1.0 / ((double)fs->spaceTotal(component, fs->userdata) / control.pretendChunkSize) / rps;
+    nn_computer *computer = nn_getComputerOfComponent(component);
 
-    nn_removeEnergy(computer, control.writeEnergyCost * count);
-    nn_addHeat(computer, control.writeHeatPerChunk * count);
-    nn_callCost(computer, control.writeCostPerChunk * count);
+    nn_simulateBufferedIndirect(component, count, control.createFilesPerTick);
+    nn_removeEnergy(computer, control.createEnergy * count);
+    nn_addHeat(computer, control.createHeat * count);
 }
 
 void nn_fs_getLabel(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
@@ -63,11 +67,8 @@ void nn_fs_getLabel(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_comp
     } else {
         nn_return_string(computer, buf, l);
     }
-    
-    // Latency, energy costs and stuff
-    nn_filesystemControl control = nn_fs_getControl(component, fs);
-    nn_removeEnergy(computer, control.readEnergyCost);
-    nn_callCost(computer, control.readCostPerChunk);
+
+    nn_fs_readCost(fs, l, component);
 }
 
 void nn_fs_setLabel(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
@@ -81,27 +82,21 @@ void nn_fs_setLabel(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_comp
     l = fs->setLabel(component, fs->userdata, buf, l);
     nn_return_string(computer, buf, l);
 
-    nn_fs_readCost(fs, 1, component, computer);
+    nn_fs_writeCost(fs, l, component);
 }
 
 void nn_fs_spaceUsed(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
     nn_size_t space = fs->spaceUsed(component, fs->userdata);
     nn_return(computer, nn_values_integer(space));
-    
-    nn_fs_readCost(fs, 1, component, computer);
 }
 
 void nn_fs_spaceTotal(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
     nn_size_t space = fs->spaceUsed(component, fs->userdata);
     nn_return(computer, nn_values_integer(space));
-    
-    nn_fs_readCost(fs, 1, component, computer);
 }
 
 void nn_fs_isReadOnly(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
     nn_return(computer, nn_values_boolean(fs->isReadOnly(component, fs->userdata)));
-    
-    nn_fs_readCost(fs, 1, component, computer);
 }
 
 void nn_fs_size(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
@@ -119,8 +114,6 @@ void nn_fs_size(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer
     nn_size_t byteSize = fs->size(component, fs->userdata, path);
 
     nn_return(computer, nn_values_integer(byteSize));
-    
-    nn_fs_readCost(fs, 1, component, computer);
 }
 
 void nn_fs_remove(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
@@ -136,10 +129,8 @@ void nn_fs_remove(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_comput
     }
 
     nn_return(computer, nn_values_boolean(fs->remove(component, fs->userdata, path)));
-   
-    // Considered 1 safety check + the actual write
-    nn_fs_readCost(fs, 1, component, computer);
-    nn_fs_writeCost(fs, 1, component, computer);
+
+    nn_fs_removeCost(fs, 1, component);
 }
 
 void nn_fs_lastModified(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
@@ -162,8 +153,6 @@ void nn_fs_lastModified(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_
     t -= t % 1000;
 
     nn_return(computer, nn_values_integer(t));
-   
-    nn_fs_readCost(fs, 1, component, computer);
 }
 
 void nn_fs_rename(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
@@ -192,9 +181,8 @@ void nn_fs_rename(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_comput
     nn_size_t movedCount = fs->rename(component, fs->userdata, from, to);
     nn_return(computer, nn_values_boolean(movedCount > 0));
    
-    // Considered 2 safety checks + 1 read per file + 1 write per file
-    nn_fs_readCost(fs, 2 + movedCount, component, computer);
-    nn_fs_writeCost(fs, movedCount, component, computer);
+    nn_fs_removeCost(fs, movedCount, component);
+    nn_fs_createCost(fs, movedCount, component);
 }
 
 void nn_fs_exists(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
@@ -210,8 +198,6 @@ void nn_fs_exists(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_comput
     }
 
     nn_return(computer, nn_values_boolean(fs->exists(component, fs->userdata, path)));
-   
-    nn_fs_readCost(fs, 1, component, computer);
 }
 
 void nn_fs_isDirectory(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
@@ -227,8 +213,6 @@ void nn_fs_isDirectory(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_c
     }
 
     nn_return(computer, nn_values_boolean(fs->isDirectory(component, fs->userdata, path)));
-   
-    nn_fs_readCost(fs, 1, component, computer);
 }
 
 void nn_fs_makeDirectory(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
@@ -244,9 +228,8 @@ void nn_fs_makeDirectory(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn
     }
 
     nn_return(computer, nn_values_boolean(fs->makeDirectory(component, fs->userdata, path)));
-   
-    nn_fs_readCost(fs, 1, component, computer);
-    nn_fs_writeCost(fs, 1, component, computer);
+
+    nn_fs_createCost(fs, 1, component);
 }
 
 void nn_fs_list(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
@@ -276,8 +259,6 @@ void nn_fs_list(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer
         nn_dealloc(alloc, files, sizeof(char *) * fileCount);
         nn_return(computer, arr);
     }
-
-    nn_fs_readCost(fs, 1 + fileCount, component, computer);
 }
 
 void nn_fs_open(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
@@ -298,11 +279,13 @@ void nn_fs_open(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer
         mode = "r";
     }
 
+    // technically wrongfully 
+    if(!fs->exists(component, fs->userdata, path)) {
+        nn_fs_createCost(fs, 1, component);
+    }
+
     nn_size_t fd = fs->open(component, fs->userdata, path, mode);
     nn_return(computer, nn_values_integer(fd));
-
-    // 1 safety check
-    nn_fs_readCost(fs, 1, component, computer);
 }
 
 void nn_fs_close(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
@@ -311,9 +294,6 @@ void nn_fs_close(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_compute
 
     nn_bool_t closed = fs->close(component, fs->userdata, fd);
     nn_return(computer, nn_values_boolean(closed));
-
-    // do not ask where it comes from, balance is hard
-    nn_fs_readCost(fs, 1, component, computer);
 }
 
 void nn_fs_write(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
@@ -333,9 +313,8 @@ void nn_fs_write(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_compute
     nn_bool_t closed = fs->write(component, fs->userdata, fd, buf, len);
     nn_return(computer, nn_values_boolean(closed));
 
-    // do not ask where it comes from, balance is hard
-    nn_fs_writeCost(fs, nn_fs_countChunks(fs, len, component), component, computer);
-    nn_fs_seekCost(fs, nn_fs_countChunks(fs, len, component), component, computer);
+    nn_fs_writeCost(fs, len, component);
+    nn_return_boolean(computer, true);
 }
 
 void nn_fs_read(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer *computer) {
@@ -362,9 +341,7 @@ void nn_fs_read(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer
     }
     nn_dealloc(alloc, buf, byteLen);
 
-    // do not ask where it comes from, balance is hard
-    nn_fs_readCost(fs, nn_fs_countChunks(fs, readLen, component), component, computer);
-    nn_fs_seekCost(fs, nn_fs_countChunks(fs, readLen, component), component, computer);
+    nn_fs_readCost(fs, len, component);
 }
 
 nn_bool_t nn_fs_validWhence(const char *s) {
@@ -397,9 +374,6 @@ void nn_fs_seek(nn_filesystem *fs, void *_, nn_component *component, nn_computer
     nn_size_t pos = fs->seek(component, fs->userdata, fd, whence, off, &moved);
     if(moved < 0) moved = -moved;
 
-    // do not ask where it comes from, balance is hard
-    nn_fs_readCost(fs, 1, component, computer);
-    nn_fs_seekCost(fs, nn_fs_countChunks(fs, moved, component), component, computer);
     nn_return_integer(computer, pos);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/emulator.c b/src/emulator.c
index 14853ef..ed19387 100644
--- a/src/emulator.c
+++ b/src/emulator.c
@@ -174,20 +174,20 @@ typedef struct ne_fs {
 
 nn_filesystemControl ne_fs_getControl(nn_component *component, ne_fs *_) {
     return (nn_filesystemControl) {
-        .pretendChunkSize = 512,
-        .pretendRPM = 12,
-        .writeHeatPerChunk = 0.01,
-        .writeCostPerChunk = 3,
-        .writeEnergyCost = 0.015,
-        .writeLatencyPerChunk = 0.0003,
-        .readEnergyCost = 0.007,
-        .readCostPerChunk = 1,
-        .readLatencyPerChunk = 0.0001,
-        .randomLatencyMin = 0.0005,
-        .randomLatencyMax = 0.0019,
-        .seekCostPerChunk = 1,
-        .motorHeat = 0.03,
-        .motorEnergyCost = 0.5,
+        .readBytesPerTick = 65536,
+        .writeBytesPerTick = 32768,
+        .removeFilesPerTick = 16,
+        .createFilesPerTick = 16,
+        
+        .readHeatPerByte = 0.0000015,
+        .writeHeatPerByte = 0.000015,
+        .removeHeat = 0.035,
+        .createHeat = 0.045,
+
+        .readEnergyPerByte = 0.0015,
+        .writeEnergyPerByte = 0.0035,
+        .removeEnergy = 0.135,
+        .createEnergy = 0.325,
     };
 }
 
diff --git a/src/neonucleus.h b/src/neonucleus.h
index 0ef1d58..2e3342d 100644
--- a/src/neonucleus.h
+++ b/src/neonucleus.h
@@ -606,34 +606,20 @@ nn_component *nn_addEeprom(nn_computer *computer, nn_address address, int slot,
 
 // FileSystem
 typedef struct nn_filesystemControl {
-    int pretendChunkSize;
+    double readBytesPerTick;
+    double writeBytesPerTick;
+    double removeFilesPerTick;
+    double createFilesPerTick;
 
-    // speed
-    // used to calculate the latency of seeking a file. It will treat the file as continuous within the storage medium, which is completely
-    // unrealistic. Essentially, after a seek, it will check how much the file pointer was changed. If it went backwards, the drive spins
-    // in the opposite direction. Drives work the same way.
-    int pretendRPM;
-    double readLatencyPerChunk;
-    double writeLatencyPerChunk;
+    double readHeatPerByte;
+    double writeHeatPerByte;
+    double removeHeat;
+    double createHeat;
 
-    // these control *random* latencies that each operation will do
-    double randomLatencyMin;
-    double randomLatencyMax;
-
-    // thermals
-    double motorHeat; // this times how many chunks have been seeked will be the heat addres, +/- the motor heat range.
-    double motorHeatRange;
-    double writeHeatPerChunk;
-    
-    // call budget
-    nn_size_t readCostPerChunk;
-    nn_size_t writeCostPerChunk;
-    nn_size_t seekCostPerChunk;
-
-    // energy cost
-    double readEnergyCost;
-    double writeEnergyCost;
-    double motorEnergyCost;
+    double readEnergyPerByte;
+    double writeEnergyPerByte;
+    double removeEnergy;
+    double createEnergy;
 } nn_filesystemControl;
 
 typedef struct nn_filesystem {
@@ -681,28 +667,21 @@ nn_component *nn_addFileSystem(nn_computer *computer, nn_address address, int sl
 
 // Drive
 typedef struct nn_driveControl {
+    double readSectorsPerTick;
+    double writeSectorsPerTick;
     // Set it to 0 to disable seek latency.
-    int rpm;
+    double seekSectorsPerTick;
 
-    double readLatencyPerSector;
-    double writeLatencyPerSector;
-
-    double randomLatencyMin;
-    double randomLatencyMax;
-
-    double motorHeat;
-    double motorHeatRange;
+    double readHeatPerSector;
     double writeHeatPerSector;
+    double motorHeatPerSector;
     
-    // These are per sector
-    double motorEnergyCost;
-    double readEnergyCost;
-    double writeEnergyCost;
-    
-    // call budget
-    nn_size_t readCostPerSector;
-    nn_size_t writeCostPerSector;
-    nn_size_t seekCostPerSector;
+    double readEnergyPerSector;
+    double writeEnergyPerSector;
+    double motorEnergyPerSector;
+
+    // if not, seeking *backwards* will cost as much as a full spin.
+    nn_bool_t reversable;
 } nn_driveControl;
 
 typedef struct nn_drive {